12.1 Técnicas
12.1.1 Según tipo de aprendizaje:
12.1.1.1 Aprendizaje Supervisado:
12.1.1.1.1 Desde estadística:
set.seed(123)
df <- tibble(x = c(rchisq(20, 2),rchisq(20, 10)), y = rep(c(0,1), each=20))
ggplot(df, aes(x, y))+
geom_point()+
geom_smooth(method = "glm",
method.args = list(family = "binomial"),
se = FALSE)
12.1.1.1.2 Desde computación:
- Y muchos más…
12.1.1.1.3 Deep Learning:
12.1.1.2 Aprendizaje No supervisado:
12.1.1.3 Aprendizaje Semi-supervisado
12.1.1.4 Modelos generativos
Por ejemplo: https://transformer.huggingface.co/doc/gpt2-large
12.1.2 Según el tipo de datos:
12.1.2.1 Datos estructurados:
12.1.2.1.1 Datos tabulados
## id Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
## 1 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 2 2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 3 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 4 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 5 5 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 6 6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
## 7 7 4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 8 8 5.0 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 9 9 4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 10 10 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 11 11 5.4 3.7 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 12 12 4.8 3.4 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 13 13 4.8 3.0 1.4 0.1 setosa
## 14 14 4.3 3.0 1.1 0.1 setosa
## 15 15 5.8 4.0 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 16 16 5.7 4.4 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 17 17 5.4 3.9 1.3 0.4 setosa
## 18 18 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 19 19 5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3 setosa
## 20 20 5.1 3.8 1.5 0.3 setosa
## 21 21 5.4 3.4 1.7 0.2 setosa
## 22 22 5.1 3.7 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 23 23 4.6 3.6 1.0 0.2 setosa
## 24 24 5.1 3.3 1.7 0.5 setosa
## 25 25 4.8 3.4 1.9 0.2 setosa
## 26 26 5.0 3.0 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 27 27 5.0 3.4 1.6 0.4 setosa
## 28 28 5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 29 29 5.2 3.4 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 30 30 4.7 3.2 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 31 31 4.8 3.1 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 32 32 5.4 3.4 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 33 33 5.2 4.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 34 34 5.5 4.2 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 35 35 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 36 36 5.0 3.2 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 37 37 5.5 3.5 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 38 38 4.9 3.6 1.4 0.1 setosa
## 39 39 4.4 3.0 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 40 40 5.1 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 41 41 5.0 3.5 1.3 0.3 setosa
## 42 42 4.5 2.3 1.3 0.3 setosa
## 43 43 4.4 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 44 44 5.0 3.5 1.6 0.6 setosa
## 45 45 5.1 3.8 1.9 0.4 setosa
## 46 46 4.8 3.0 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 47 47 5.1 3.8 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 48 48 4.6 3.2 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 49 49 5.3 3.7 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 50 50 5.0 3.3 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 51 51 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 52 52 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 53 53 6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 54 54 5.5 2.3 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 55 55 6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 versicolor
## 56 56 5.7 2.8 4.5 1.3 versicolor
## 57 57 6.3 3.3 4.7 1.6 versicolor
## 58 58 4.9 2.4 3.3 1.0 versicolor
## 59 59 6.6 2.9 4.6 1.3 versicolor
## 60 60 5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4 versicolor
## 61 61 5.0 2.0 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 62 62 5.9 3.0 4.2 1.5 versicolor
## 63 63 6.0 2.2 4.0 1.0 versicolor
## 64 64 6.1 2.9 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 65 65 5.6 2.9 3.6 1.3 versicolor
## 66 66 6.7 3.1 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 67 67 5.6 3.0 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 68 68 5.8 2.7 4.1 1.0 versicolor
## 69 69 6.2 2.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 70 70 5.6 2.5 3.9 1.1 versicolor
## 71 71 5.9 3.2 4.8 1.8 versicolor
## 72 72 6.1 2.8 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 73 73 6.3 2.5 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 74 74 6.1 2.8 4.7 1.2 versicolor
## 75 75 6.4 2.9 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 76 76 6.6 3.0 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 77 77 6.8 2.8 4.8 1.4 versicolor
## 78 78 6.7 3.0 5.0 1.7 versicolor
## 79 79 6.0 2.9 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 80 80 5.7 2.6 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 81 81 5.5 2.4 3.8 1.1 versicolor
## 82 82 5.5 2.4 3.7 1.0 versicolor
## 83 83 5.8 2.7 3.9 1.2 versicolor
## 84 84 6.0 2.7 5.1 1.6 versicolor
## 85 85 5.4 3.0 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 86 86 6.0 3.4 4.5 1.6 versicolor
## 87 87 6.7 3.1 4.7 1.5 versicolor
## 88 88 6.3 2.3 4.4 1.3 versicolor
## 89 89 5.6 3.0 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 90 90 5.5 2.5 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 91 91 5.5 2.6 4.4 1.2 versicolor
## 92 92 6.1 3.0 4.6 1.4 versicolor
## 93 93 5.8 2.6 4.0 1.2 versicolor
## 94 94 5.0 2.3 3.3 1.0 versicolor
## 95 95 5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 96 96 5.7 3.0 4.2 1.2 versicolor
## 97 97 5.7 2.9 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 98 98 6.2 2.9 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 99 99 5.1 2.5 3.0 1.1 versicolor
## 100 100 5.7 2.8 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 101 101 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica
## 102 102 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 103 103 7.1 3.0 5.9 2.1 virginica
## 104 104 6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8 virginica
## 105 105 6.5 3.0 5.8 2.2 virginica
## 106 106 7.6 3.0 6.6 2.1 virginica
## 107 107 4.9 2.5 4.5 1.7 virginica
## 108 108 7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8 virginica
## 109 109 6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8 virginica
## 110 110 7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5 virginica
## 111 111 6.5 3.2 5.1 2.0 virginica
## 112 112 6.4 2.7 5.3 1.9 virginica
## 113 113 6.8 3.0 5.5 2.1 virginica
## 114 114 5.7 2.5 5.0 2.0 virginica
## 115 115 5.8 2.8 5.1 2.4 virginica
## 116 116 6.4 3.2 5.3 2.3 virginica
## 117 117 6.5 3.0 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 118 118 7.7 3.8 6.7 2.2 virginica
## 119 119 7.7 2.6 6.9 2.3 virginica
## 120 120 6.0 2.2 5.0 1.5 virginica
## 121 121 6.9 3.2 5.7 2.3 virginica
## 122 122 5.6 2.8 4.9 2.0 virginica
## 123 123 7.7 2.8 6.7 2.0 virginica
## 124 124 6.3 2.7 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 125 125 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.1 virginica
## 126 126 7.2 3.2 6.0 1.8 virginica
## 127 127 6.2 2.8 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 128 128 6.1 3.0 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 129 129 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.1 virginica
## 130 130 7.2 3.0 5.8 1.6 virginica
## 131 131 7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9 virginica
## 132 132 7.9 3.8 6.4 2.0 virginica
## 133 133 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2 virginica
## 134 134 6.3 2.8 5.1 1.5 virginica
## 135 135 6.1 2.6 5.6 1.4 virginica
## 136 136 7.7 3.0 6.1 2.3 virginica
## 137 137 6.3 3.4 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 138 138 6.4 3.1 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 139 139 6.0 3.0 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 140 140 6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1 virginica
## 141 141 6.7 3.1 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 142 142 6.9 3.1 5.1 2.3 virginica
## 143 143 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 144 144 6.8 3.2 5.9 2.3 virginica
## 145 145 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5 virginica
## 146 146 6.7 3.0 5.2 2.3 virginica
## 147 147 6.3 2.5 5.0 1.9 virginica
## 148 148 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica
## 149 149 6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 virginica
## 150 150 5.9 3.0 5.1 1.8 virginica
12.1.2.1.3 Grafos:
12.1.2.1.4 Datos geográficos
12.1.2.2 Datos no estructurados:
12.1.2.2.2 imagenes
12.1.2.2.3 sonido
12.1.4 Desde el punto de vista de la optimización:
12.1.5 Flujo de trabajo
- Preprocesamiento
- Entrenamiento
- Validación
